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SCREW NAIL.

Patented Sept. L9, 1882.

Plas.

INVENTUR.

WIT NE SSES .l

FIGHE.

Nrrnn STATES CHARLES Al), ltUilrEltlUh lltOVlDEITGlL It-IOEISLANI), ASSiG-(llt T() 'lllll UUERICAN SUltlMV CGMIANY, Ol? SAME IDEALE.`

SCREW-NAH..

SPECIFICATION forming part of i Letters Patent N o. 2illifilf''9,` dated September 19, 1882.

Application Iilcd December 15, i881. (No model.) t

To It whom 'it may concern: i

lle it known that 1, CHARLES l). ROGERS, ofthe city and county otlrovidcnce, and State of Rhode Island, have invented new and usefnl Improvement in,` Screw-Nails; and I do hereby declare that the following specification, taken in connection with the accompanying drawin gs, forming apart ofthe same, is a full,

clear, and exact description thereof.

My improvement consists in a screw-nail having a slotted head, or a headto which a screwdriver or equivalent instrument can be applied to turn the nail axially, a sharpened or driving point, and a shank portion having i 5 threaded or serrated longitudinal sections and intermediate plain 'or unthreaded sections whiclrare in the form of concave or Vishape grooves. i i

` The objects of my invention are to produce zo a nail having a maximum of strength with a minimum amountof material, which can be turned axially after it-is driven home, and the threaded section thereby be made to enter the wood which abuts the plaiuor unthreaded sec- Vtions when the nail is driven, which wood is practically undisturbed by the driving, and to give to the plain or unthreaded sections the form of longitudinal grooves, into which tongues ot wood will enter for the purpose of forming `3o a tongue-and-groove connection between the wood and nail, and thereby diminish the liability of the nail becoming loosened by turning on its axis fromv the effect of vibration of the wood when in use. i

Referring to the drawings, Figure 1 represents onan enlarged scale a portion of a longitudinally-grooved rod. Fig. 2 showsv the same on asmaller scale, provided with a spiral or screwithread. 4o nail made from such a rod. Fig. 4 shows a portion of ano-ther form of rod, and Fig. 5 represents a screw-nail made from such rod.

In Figs. l and et of the drawings I have shown sections of rolled rodsof the forms which I prefer for use inmaking my im proved screwnail. rIhe surface of these rods is formed into longitudinal convex sections a and longitudinal concave sections b, The precise form, however, of the rod shown is not material, as the 5o number of i the convex sections relatively to Fig. 3 represents a screw` the concave sections may be varied, and` the i sections which are shown as concave may be V shape. InA rods which are rolled with the groovcd sections shown the least amount of material can be employed for the shank and 5 5" be accompanied with the greatest amount of stiffness as the-incident of the rolled grooves or sections. Having `selected a rod` of this character of suitable size and form for the intended screw-nail` Icut upon the longitudi- 6o nal convex sections a a screw-thread, as shown, and afterward form the head c on the rod in a heading-machine, such asis employed for heading screw-blanks, and also form the end into a driving-poiut` by theusual machinery for such purpose. The nick in the head, or other device for enabling the screw-nail to be turned, axially, is also made by the usual machinery employed. If preferred, the rods before they are threaded may be headed, lnicked, and `7o pointed. i

While I have shown the thread as ot' the variety known as the ratchetthread,7 and consisting of sections of a continuous spiral, it will be within my invention if the longitudinal convex surfaces of the nailshankare not provided with sections of one or more regular convoluted threads, but are formedwith serrationsnot constituting sections of spirals, for, the reason that one important advantage 8o which my improved screw-nail affords will be equally secured in case the convex surfaces a be'simply serrated, like the sides or `corners of some shoe-nails in common use inthe market. rlhe advantage referred to is this: A screwnail when driven into wood must, to a large extent, tear away the fibers of the. wood which lie in the path of the serratedorscrew-threaded surface of the nail.

In my improved nailfrom the circum- 9o stance that I furnish it with a head,` which enables the nail to be `turned axially after it has been driven home by a hammerit follows that the screw-threads or the serrations made upon the convex longitudinal sections of the 9 5k shank will, after the nailhas been given a partial revolution with a screw-driver, or equivalent tool applied to the head, enter the untorn fibers of the wood, which have been in the operation ofthe driving of the nail forced hard 10o` 2 2o 1,4m y

against the plain longitudinal sections' b of the nail-shank, and thus my screw-nail, which can be driven with a hammer as easily as a common cast or wrought nail, can be made to hold itself in sound wood nearly as firmly as ii'iit were a full-threaded screw and sent home by a screw-driver. I prefer, however, to make sections of regular convoluted threads upon v the convex portions ofthe shank, as shown in the drawings, for the reason that the nail can Athen, if desired, be unserewed from its holdin the wood, like an ordinary screw.

The form or contour of the plain longitudinal sections b, which is the material feature of my invention, is of great importance, since by making said sections in the form of concave or .V shape grooves the nail not only possesses .tially turned `by adriver, and the' threaded sections thereby be made to engage the wood which abutted the groove-sections when the nailwas driven, for that portion ofthe Wood which' abutted the threaded sections when the nail was driven will spring or expand into the grooves after the nail is turned and the tongue and groove feature will be present.

I am aware that screw-nails have heretofore been made having threaded or serrated sections whic'h. are combined with plain or unthreaded sections in the form of flat planes, and I do not claim such a nail as my invention.

The screw-nail hereiudescrihed, having unthreaded sections in the form of longitudinal grooves, is au improvement upon a Anail having its Unthreaded sections in the form of dat planes, in that not onlyisgreater strength obtained with the same amount of stock, but the form of the -nail allows of a tongueand-groove connection between it and the wood into which it is driven, thereby insuring a moreI secure retention of the nail against becoiningwloosened` when in use.

What 1 claim as my invention, and ,desire i to secure by Letters Patent, is y v As an improved article of manufacture,a screw-nailhaving a pointed or driving end,

a shank portion provided with threaded or serrated longitudinal sections a and intermediate plain longitudinal groove-sections, b, and a head adapted,as described, to be engaged by a screw-driver or equivalent instrument `for urningl the vnail axially, substantially as set orth.

y CRAs-D. Roenes'.

Witnesses: l

' W. H. THURs'roN,

I. KNIGHT. 

